How Do You Measure a Spectral Line?

How do continuum placement, line centre, width, and equivalent width turn a dip into numbers?

Measure one synthetic absorption line without forgetting the assumptions that define it.

Starlight enters a precision spectrograph and spreads into a detector spectrum whose dark absorption line can be measured. — Vastward artistic scientific reconstruction. The observatory scene introduces the optical path behind a line measurement; it is not an image of a specific instrument.

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