Why did neighboring worlds diverge?

Mercury, Venus, and Earth formed in the same Solar System. Why did one lose almost all air, one become a pressure cooker, and one sustain oceans?

Hold three worlds side by side and compare incoming sunlight, atmosphere, geological memory, and water stability—one controlled question at a time.

Artistic scientific reconstruction placing cratered Mercury, cloud-covered Venus, and ocean-bearing Earth beside one another in deep space. — Artistic scientific reconstruction: the three worlds are not to scale or at literal spacing. Their contrasting surfaces and atmospheres introduce a controlled comparison, not a single observation.

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